Artificial Intelligence Applied to Comprehensive Self-Care of Neuropathic Ulcers in People with Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a major public health problem due to chronic complications, among which diabetic foot neuropathic ulcers stand out. These lesions affect quality of life and increase morbidity and mortality.

Objective: To analyze the available scientific evidence on the application of artificial intelligence in the self-care of neuropathic ulcers in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: An integrative review of the scientific literature published between 2015 and 2026 was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, Web of Science, and CINAHL databases. Original articles, systematic reviews, and clinical practice guidelines in Spanish and English were included. The information was analyzed using thematic synthesis, organizing the findings into three categories: level of self-care knowledge, therapeutic adherence, and effectiveness of artificial intelligence–based tools.

Results: The analyzed evidence shows that artificial intelligence–based interventions contribute to strengthening self-care knowledge, improve adherence to therapeutic recommendations, and support the control of risk factors associated with diabetic foot complications.

Conclusions: Artificial intelligence represents an emerging tool with potential to strengthen self-care in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus and improve the prevention of neuropathic ulcers. Its effectiveness is enhanced when integrated with nursing-led educational interventions and community follow-up.