Prosthetic Replacement of the Vena Cava Affected by a Leiomyosarcoma

Abstract

Introduction: Blood vessel tumors are entities of low incidence and prevalence. The most common ones can affect the inferior vena cava; among these, leiomyosarcoma is the most frequent.

Objective: To present a not very frequent case of vascular tumor disease, together with the strategy followed for treating it.

Methods: This was a surgically treated large tumor, whose neoformation is isolated, a reason why it required en bloc excision, including a segment of the vein with oncologic criteria. The excised venous sector was reconstructed by placing a ringed expanded polytetrafluoroethylene prosthesis.

Results: This was a not very complicated case in which radical surgery with prosthetic replacement of the vena cava could be performed, with excellent technical and clinical results in the short term.

Conclusions: Leiomyosarcoma of the vena cava continues to be a rare entity, of surgical treatment, sometimes complemented with any adjuvant, in which radical surgery is applied; it usually requires replacement of the vena cava. It has an uncertain prognosis.