Risk Factors for Venous Thromboembolic Disease in the Population of the Municipality of Rodas, Cienfuegos

Abstract

Introduction: Venous thromboembolic disease is a disabling condition with a high probability of recurrence and potentially fatal. Research on this subject is mainly carried out in secondary care. In the province of Cienfuegos, no previous research has been collected in primary care.

Objective: To determine risk factors associated with venous thromboembolic disease.

Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study in clinic No. 22, municipality of Rodas, from January 2020 to October 2021. The universe consisted of 226 adults (people aged 18 years and older). The variables studied were: age, sex, skin color, history of high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, cancer, heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, previous venous thrombosis, obesity, pregnancy, postpartum period, alcoholism, smoking, sedentary lifestyle, bedridden status, varicose veins, sepsis ≤ 1 month, among others. The Padua scale was used for risk stratification.

Results: The age groups 50-59 and 60 and over represent more than 50% of the study sample (70.9%), while only 5.2% are aged between 18 and 29. Females (54.2%) and white skin color (60.4%) predominated. The significantly predominant risk factors were HTN (76%) and varicose veins (64.6%). A statistically significant relationship was observed between age and risk, according to the Padua scale (p = 0.041), which was less than the pre-set significance level of 5%, so the dependence between the two variables was accepted.